基于带状弹簧的薄膜主镜支撑及自展开机构的设计与检测

	基于带状弹簧的薄膜主镜支撑及自展开机构的设计与检测
其他题名	The Supporting of Thin-film Primary Mirror Based on Tape Springs and Design and Testing of Self-deploying Structure
	冯善辉
学位类型	硕士
导师	吴清文
	2015-10
学位授予单位	中国科学院大学
学位专业	机械工程
关键词	自展开机构带状弹簧应变能分析模态分析 Psd位置传感器重复定位精度
摘要	目前，展开机构在航空、航天领域越来越得到广泛应用，其中，可展开望远镜由于发射时所占体积小，发射成本低，成为国内外学者研究的一个重要领域。本文设计了一种基于带状弹簧的薄膜主镜支撑自展开机构，该机构以薄膜光子筛为衍射元件，该机构压缩后所占体积较小，可以应用于微卫星平台。在卫星发射过程中，带状弹簧压缩，机构处于压缩状态，当达到预定轨道后，机构在地面指令控制作用下自动展开，进入工作状态。这种自展开衍射望远镜系统具有大口径、高分辨率、结构轻量化、空间可展开、公差要求低、易复制的特点，具有较好的应用前景。本文首先建立基于带状弹簧的自展开机构的三维模型，并分析其工作原理。对动力元件带状弹簧的卷曲应变能进行分析，合理选择带状弹簧的厚度与向心角。对薄膜主镜进行静力学分析，其面外变形量最大为，满足光程差小于，满足精度要求。对机构整体进行模态分析，得到机构基频为17.3Hz，可以预测展开后机构的动态特性，发现自展开机构的薄弱环节出现在带状弹簧处，为改进工作提供依据。 3.26m/10 然后提出一种测量薄膜主镜重复定位精度的方法，即检测薄膜主镜六自由度变化量。该测量系统基于位置敏感探测器（PSD），包含三个半导体激光器、三个小反射镜、三个PSD传感器，利用光线追迹方法推导了影响薄膜主镜失调量与PSD输出值的方程组。最后进行机构的压缩、展开实验，观察其展开效果，并通过实验装置测量薄膜主镜的六自由度变化量，验证其失调量大小是否满足衍射成像系统的要求。
其他摘要	At present, the deployment mechanism in the aviation and aerospace fields has been widely used. Since the small launch size and the low launch costs of the deployable telescope, it has become an important area of research scholars. A self-deploying tape spring structure is designed in the thesis in which photon sieve membrane is used as the diffractive imaging component. The structure is assembled on the small satellite, and it takes up small volume. The structure is under compression and tape springs are under rollable state before the satellite launches. Tape springs deploy at the same time and the structure reaches the full deployment state when the satellite reaches its orbit. This self-deployable diffraction telescope system with the features of large caliber, high-resolution, lightweight structure, space deployable, low tolerance, easy replication, has good prospects. Firstly, the three-dimensional model based on tape springs has been established, and operating principle has been analyzed. Strain energy of tape springs have been calculate, and the subtended angle and the thickness of the tape springs have been chosen reasonably. Statics analysis is proceeded for thin-film primary mirror，and the optical path length can less than one-tenth wavelength, with the maximum out-of-plane deformation of the thin-film primary mirror 3.26, which satisfies the accuracy requirements. Modal analysis is conducted for the structure, and the m fundamental frequency is 17.3Hz，which can estimate dynamic characteristics of the self-deploying structure. It is shown that the tape springs are the dynamical weakest part, and it might provide the basis for improvements. A method to measure the repositioning resolution of the self-deployable structure is raised, which can detect the six degrees of freedom of the primary mirror. The measuring system is based on position sensitive detector (PSD), which consists of three semiconductor lasers, three small mirrors, three PSD sensors using ray tracing method to derive the equations between the six degrees of freedom of the primary mirror and PSD output values. Finally, the compression and expansion experiment were conducted to the mechanism, and the effect of its expansion is observed. Six degrees of freedom of the primary mirror is measured. It is verified that the size of the offset amount meets the requirements of diffraction imaging system.
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ciomp.ac.cn/handle/181722/49288
专题	中科院长春光机所知识产出
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	冯善辉. 基于带状弹簧的薄膜主镜支撑及自展开机构的设计与检测[D]. 中国科学院大学,2015.

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